Seasonal Allergies in Dogs: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

Just like humans, dogs can suffer from seasonal allergies. Unlike us, they rarely sneeze—instead, allergies in dogs typically manifest as skin problems. Here's what every dog owner should know.

Common Allergens

• Tree pollen: Spring
• Grass pollen: Late spring through summer
• Weed pollen: Fall
• Mold spores: Year-round, worse in damp conditions
• Dust mites: Year-round

Symptoms of Allergies in Dogs

Skin-Related

• Excessive scratching
• Licking paws (rusty staining on white dogs)
• Rubbing face on furniture or carpet
• Red, inflamed skin (especially belly, paws, ears)
• Hot spots
• Hair loss
• Recurrent ear infections

Less Common

• Sneezing
• Runny eyes
• Reverse sneezing

When to See the Vet

If your dog is uncomfortable, see your vet. Signs that warrant immediate attention:

• Severe scratching causing wounds
• Hot spots or skin infections
• Ear infections
• Significant hair loss
• Symptoms affecting quality of life

Treatment Options

Medications

• Apoquel: Fast-acting anti-itch medication
• Cytopoint: Monthly injection for itch relief
• Antihistamines: Benadryl, Zyrtec (check with vet for dosing)
• Corticosteroids: For severe cases; not for long-term use

Topical Treatments

• Medicated shampoos
• Anti-itch sprays
• Ear cleaners
• Paw soaks

Immunotherapy

Allergy testing followed by customized allergy shots or drops can help desensitize your dog over time. Best for long-term management.

Home Management

Reduce Allergen Exposure

• Wipe paws after walks
• Bathe regularly with gentle shampoo
• Wash bedding weekly in hot water
• Use HEPA air purifiers
• Keep windows closed during high pollen days
• Check pollen forecasts and limit outdoor time when high

Support Skin Health

• Omega-3 fatty acid supplements (fish oil)
• High-quality diet
• Keep skin moisturized (oatmeal baths)

Food Allergies vs. Environmental Allergies

It's important to distinguish between the two:

• Environmental allergies: Usually seasonal, often affect ears and paws
• Food allergies: Year-round, may include GI symptoms, affect ears and rear end

Your vet can help determine which type your dog has.

Long-Term Management

Allergies are rarely cured but can be managed effectively. Work with your vet to find the right combination of:

• Medications (as needed or ongoing)
• Environmental management
• Skin support
• Regular monitoring

With proper management, allergic dogs can live comfortable, happy lives.